Several viruses are known to cause cancer by integrating their genetic material into host cells and disrupting normal cellular processes. Key viruses include:

1. Human Papillomavirus (HPV):

• Causes cervical, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers.

• HPV types 16 and 18 are the most carcinogenic.

2. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV):

• Associated with liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma).

3. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV):

• Also linked to liver cancer.

4. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV):

• Causes nasopharyngeal carcinoma and certain lymphomas, such as Burkitt lymphoma.

5. Human T-lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1):

• Linked to adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

6. Kaposi’s Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus (KSHV):

• Causes Kaposi’s sarcoma, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, like those with HIV/AIDS.

These viruses contribute to cancer development by altering cell cycle regulation, evading immune surveillance, and promoting genetic mutations.

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