Head and neck cancer refers to cancers that develop in the tissues of the head and neck region, including the throat, mouth, nose, sinuses, larynx (voice box), and salivary glands. These cancers can arise from various cell types and may have different risk factors and treatment approaches.

Common risk factors for head and neck cancer include tobacco and alcohol use, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, exposure to certain chemicals or radiation, and poor oral hygiene. Symptoms can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor but may include persistent sore throat, difficulty swallowing, a lump or sore that doesn’t heal, changes in voice or hoarseness, and persistent ear pain.

Treatment for head and neck cancer depends on factors such as the type, stage, and location of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health. It may involve surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these treatments. Early detection and prompt treatment can improve outcomes for individuals with head and neck cancer.

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